Law Enforcement through Justice and Ethical Institution: Historical Perspective

Abstract

<span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Islam is the way of life which guides mankind to attain the happiness in here and the</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>hereafter (falah). It is also a religion of peace through the submission to the will and laws of</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>God, advocates the establishment of ethic and social justice in order to achieve peace. In the</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>history of Islam, enforcement of law was implemented to preserve good ethic and justice in the</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>society. Therefore, it is needed to know how the implementation of Islamic law enforcement</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>regarding ethic and justice in Islamic framework. This paper aims to study how the Islamic</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>state in the early of Islam pays attention to ethic and justice of society in its government</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>affair or administration and how the wilāyat al mazālim and hisbah as Islamic institution</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>will stand for law enforcement to promote justice and higher ethic in the society. Moreover,</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>finding of the study states that the Justice and ethical values have been still concerned by</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Islamic State. The administration of justice carried out by Muslim should consist of the</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>application of Shari’ah in name of God without any temporal consideration. Enforcement</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>of law regarding ethic and justice is manifested in hisbah and wilāyat al-mazālim. Each</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>institution has different duties, but has mutual relation to administrate the state toward</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>welfare state. The hisbah institution plays its role to command good action (amar ma’ruf)</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>and prohibit evil (nahi munkar). It has a responsible for the implementation of Shari’ah</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>principles in society. Furthermore, wilāyat al-mazālim is an institution that carries out the</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>justice around the society. This institution looks into the cases which are not included in</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>common court authority, such as persecution matters which are committed by the authority,</em><br /><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>judges or member ruling family.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>