Abstract This paper attempts to trace Muhammadiyah's new fiqh reasoning in Islamic legal discourse, and its probability to become a holistic legal paradigm. In the leadership of Syamsul Anwar, Muhammadiyah through Majelis Tarjih introduced the idea of a new fiqh concept which is considered to be different from the classical fiqh concept. This fiqh reasoning has produced many tarjih products, such as Fiqh Air (Water Jurisprudence), Fikih Kebencanaan (Disaster Jurisprudence), etc. On the basis of that considerations, this paper wants to answer some crucial questions; First, how exactly is Muhammadiyah's new fiqh reasoning and what is the difference between classical fiqh concept?; Second, where is the position of Muhammadiyah's new fiqh reasoning in the perspective of contemporary Islamic law studies that are developing, especially in the West ?; and Third, as a concept that produces ijtihad products, then there is a probability of Muhammadiyah's fiqh reasoning can become a new paradigm of Islamic law. The question is, how far is the probability? Keywords: fiqh reasoning, Muhammadiyah, Islamic law, Majelis Tarjih   Abstrak Tulisan ini mencoba menelusuri posisi nalar fikih baru Muhammadiyah dalam diskursus hukum Islam, dan probabilitasnya untuk menjadi paradigma hukum yang holistik. Dalam kepemimpinan Syamsul Anwar, Muhammadiyah melalui Majelis Tarjih memperkenalkan gagasan tentang konsep fikih baru yang konon berbeda dengan konsep fikih klasik. Nalar fikih ini telah banyak menghasilkan produk tarjih, misalnya Fikih Air, Fikih Kebencanaan, dan lain sebagainya. Atas dasar itu, tulisan ini ingin menjawab beberapa pertanyaan krusial; Pertama, bagaimana sebenarnya nalar fikih baru Muhammadiyah itu dan apa letak perbedaannya dengan fikih klasik?; Kedua, di mana letak posisi nalar fikih baru Muhammadiyah dalam perspektif kajian hukum Islam kontemporer yang berkembang, terutama di Barat?; dan Ketiga, sebagai nalar yang menghasilkan produk ijtihad, maka ada kemungkinan (probabilitas) nalar fikih Muhammadiyah ini dapat menjadi paradigma baru hukum Islam. Pertanyaannya, sejauhmana probabilitas itu? Keywords: nalar fikih, Muhammadiyah, hukum Islam, Majelis Tarjih