This study aims to describe the speaking skills of grade III students in Indonesian language lessons at SD Negeri Peninggilan 1 and describe the factors that affect the speaking skills of grade III students in Indonesian language lessons at SDN Peninggilan 1 in the 2020/2021 academic year. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. This research was conducted in class III SDN Peninggilan 1, Ciledug District, Tangerang City, 2020/2021 academic year because with the school's considerations there are problems related to the speaking skills of grade III students and the lack of teacher attention to speaking skills. Data analysis was carried out after data collection was carried out in accordance with the objectives to be achieved. This data collection uses an interview guide instrument and an observation sheet in the form of an assessment rubric. In this study, researchers used qualitative descriptive analysis techniques and graphics. The results showed that the percentage of observations of speaking skills in Indonesian class III students at SD Negeri Peninggilan 1 was successful. Description of the factors that affect speaking skills in Indonesian class III students at SD Negeri Peninggilan 1. First, physical factors, namely the means of speaking to produce language sounds. Second, psychological factors can affect speaking fluency. Third, neurological factors, namely the neural network that connects the cerebellum to the mouth, ears and other organs that participate in speaking activities. Fourth, semantic factors related to meaning. Fifth, linguistic factors related to the structure of language.