This study aims to find and describe the dynamics of Pesantren NW since its establishment until its current existence. Pesantren NW is an Islamic educational institution consisting of internal elements of the pesantren, such as kyai, santri, books, mosques, and pondok (dormitories) which are called the internal context of the pesantren. The relationship between context and setting causes changes for Pesantren NW. Every aspect of change cannot be separated from a number of spiritual and socio-cultural assets that are managed to guide change. The theories that underlie this study are educational theory, social theory, and capital theory. These three theories are formulated with the understanding that Pesantren NW is a social system in which there is a triadic relationship between the structural aspects (non-ideological aspects) that carry out various educational actions in shaping the pesantren culture (ideological aspects). Through this research research, three findings were obtained: 1) the dynamics of Pesantren NW were dominated by external sources, namely politics and economics; 2) a shift occurs in the aspect of thought, namely thinking for the function and purpose of Islamic education, preservation of Islamic values, and production of ulama shifting to the function and purpose of adjusting to pragmatic needs. This shift was followed by an institutional change into a pesantren that managed madrasas, an Islamic religious education curriculum that was balanced with a general education curriculum, a collective leadership pattern; 3) external complexity that affects the internal complexity of Pesantren NW causes complexity of motivation and expectations for investment in social and sociocultural capital. Based on the data, data analysis and research findings, it can be concluded that: 1) the relation between ideological and non-ideological aspects of Pesantren NW led to a shift in the thought of education as an instrument of movement towards education as a goal considering that education is needed to accommodate change; 2) spiritual capital is very dominant in the initial phase of the dynamics of Pesantren NW and becomes a facilitator in intermodal conflicts in the next phase; 3) spiritual capital becomes the core of all capital in guiding all dynamics and existence of Pesantren NW.