The debate among Western academics, US politicians and security councils has intensified following similar attacks, although not as devastating as the September 11 tragedy, some see political Islam, especially regarding the relationship between Islam and democracy, at least divided into two major currents; the first group is a group that concludes that Islam does not oppose democracy, the second group is a group that views Islam as opposed to democracy. This group assumes that the fundamental values of Islam are very compatible with democracy. Islam is not anti-democratic, but between Islam and democracy can live side by side. Not only are Western thinkers who have views like this, not a few among Islamic scholars have this view. Ibrahim M. Abu Rabi 'in the theme of his article entitled "A Post- September 11 Critical Assessment of Modern Islamic History" in the book "September 11, Religious Perspectives on the Causa and Consequences" tried to question and then explain why there were attacks on the US by groups Muslims from the point of view of Qur'anic rationalization of violence. Because after all, the tragedy has changed the West's image of Islam which has become increasingly negative and has even reached a terrible level, the symptom of fear known as Islamamphobia. Ibrahim M. Abu Rabi 'tried to examine the tragedy in a historical perspective. This article outlines attempts to discuss his thoughts on the important points to be elaborated, namely: 1). education in the Muslim world; modern or traditional. 2). M. Abu Rabi's Inspiration of Thought 'in the Renewal of the Islamic Education System in PTKAI and PTU.