Gambaran Pengetahuan, Sikap, Perilaku dan Status Gizi Pada Remaja di Kabupaten Gorontalo
Abstract
Pendahuluan; Gizi remaja memegang peranan penting dalam penentuan kualitas gizi dan kesehatan pada siklus hidup selanjutnya. Pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku gizi akab berdampak terhadap status gizi remaja. Tujuan; untuk menilai hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku gizi dengan status gizi pada remaja. Bahan dan Metode; penelitian menggunakan rancangan cross sectional study, dilakukan di SMK Tekhnologi Muhamadiyah Gorontalo, Pondok Pesantren Al-Falaq dan SMAN 1 Limboto Barat. Pengumpulan subjek penelitian secara accidental sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 122 siswa. Pengukuran variabel status gizi menggunkan indikator TB/U dan IMT/U. Variabel pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku gizi diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan univariat dan bivariate, uji hubungan antara variabel menggunakan chi square dan pearson chi square (nilai α = 0,05). Hasil; Gambaran pengukuran antropometri menunjukkan berat badan 49,48 ± 9,18 kg, tinggi badan 157,04 ± 8,18 cm dan lingkar lengan atas 25,33 ± 3,44 cm. Sementara hasil pengukuran status gizi indikator IMT/U menunjukkan sebanyak 10,7% status gizi kurus, 9,8% gemuk, sementara indikator TB/U menunjukkan 27,9% pendek, pengukuran Lila sebanyak 31,6% remaja putri mengalami KEK. Analisis pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku gizi menunjukkan sebanyak 63,9% pengetahun kurang, 46,7% sikap negatif dan 49,2% perilaku gizi tidak baik. Analisis chi square dan pearson chi square menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku gizi seimbang dengan status gizi baik indikator IMT/U maupun TB/U pada remaja. Kesimpulan; pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku gizi seimbang pada remaja masih tergolong rendah, meskipun pada uji bivariat menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan dengan status gizi pada remaja.AbstractBackground; nutrition in adolescent plays an important role in determining the quality of nutrition and health in the life cycle. Knowledge, attitudes and nutritional behavior will have an impact on the nutritional status of adolescents. Objectives; to assess the association between knowledge, attitudes and nutritional behavior with nutritional status in adolescents. Material and Method; the study used a cross sectional study design, carried out at Vocational High School Technology Muhamadiyah Gorontalo, Al-Falaq Islamic Boarding School and Senior High School 1 Limboto. Subject was taken by accidental sampling which was fulfill inclusion criteria of 122 students. Measurement of nutritional status variables using indicators high for age and body mass index for age. Variables of knowledge, attitudes and nutritional behavior were measured using a questionnaire. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate,association between variabel using chi square and pearson chi square (value α = 0.05). Results; anthropometric measurements showed weight 49.48 ± 9.18 kg, height 157.04 ± 8.118 cm and upper arm circumference 25.33 ± 3.44 cm. While the results of the nutritional status BMI/A indicator showed as much as 10.7% underweight nutritional status, 9.8% fat, while the H/A indicator showed 27.9% short, MUAC measurement as much as 31.6% of young women experienced CEM. Analysis of nutritional knowledge, attitudes and behavior was showed that 63.9% of people have less knowledge, 46.7% of negative attitudes and 49.2% of nutritional behaviors are not good. Chi square and pearson chi square analysis showed there was no association between knowledge, attitudes and balanced nutritional behavior with nutritional status both BMI/A and H/A indicators in adolescents. Conclusion; knowledge, attitudes and nutrition behaviors in adolescents were still relatively low, although the bivariate test was showed there no association with nutritional status in adolescents.