AHL AL-SUNNAH WA AL-JAMĀ`AH: KAJIAN ATAS PEMIKIRAN Māturidiyah

Abstract

Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamā`ah was established as a reaction to the Mu`tazilah opinion that al-Qur’ān is new and Mu’tazilah did not accept the sunnah to specify the understanding of aqīdah except which is mutāwatir. The last understanding brought Mu`tazilah to  use mind in ijtihād. Although the teaching of Mu`tazilah was transmitted with mi¥nah however Mu`tazilah did not get a lot of followers. An opposing faction used the sunnah and had  majority follower. Therefore, this antagonist faction name itself Ahl al-Jamā`ah wa al-Sunnah. The term was used more after the Ash`ariyah firqah was founded by Abû ¦asan al-Ash`ari and al-Māturidiyah was founded by Abū Man¡ūr Al-Māturidi. In following, al-Māturidiyah was divided into two firqahs; Samarkand Māturidiyah and Bukhāra Māturidiyah. Samarkand Māuridiyah’s theology tended to Mu`Tazilah in few, whereas Bukhāra Māturidiyah agreed with Ash`Ariyah in most. Although al-Bazdāwi, founder of Bukhāra Māturidiyah was the a far student of al-Māturidi, in reality their theology ideas are not same fully. This matter made some people gave al-Bazdawi the name of al-Bazdawiyah.