Metodologi dan Karakteristik Penafsiran dalam Tafsir Al-Kashshaf

Abstract

<p><em>Tafsīr al-Kashsh</em><em>ā</em><em>f</em>, is a <em>tafsīr</em> written by a Muslim scholar who support <em>ahl al-'adl wa al-taw</em><em>ḥ</em><em>īd</em> or known as Mu'tazilah. This <em>tafsīr </em>is influenced by power relations, the terms referred to Michel Foucault, that served ideological interests. This articles employs analytical descriptive to investigate the doctrines of Mu'tazilah that influenced al-Zamakhsharī in his methodological interpretation of <em>tafsīr al-Kashshāf</em> . The result of this study shows that the doctrines of Mu'tazilah influenced al-Zamakhshari’s interpretation of the Qur’anic verses accommodating to the opinion of the Hanafi School and the theology of Mu'tazilah. He tried to confine understanding of verses by changing their meanings in accordance with the five creeds of Mu’tazilah as follows: <em>al-taw</em><em>ḥ</em><em>īd, al-‘adl, al-wa’d wa al-wa’īd, al-manzilat bayna al-manzilatain</em>, and <em>al-‘amr bī al-ma’r</em><em>ū</em><em>f wa al-nahy ‘an al-munkar</em>.  On the other side, <em>tafsīr al-Kashshāf</em> employed <em>tahlīlī </em>method and <em>bi al-ra'y </em>model of interpretation. <em>Tafsīr al-Kashshāf</em> utilized critical reasoning in its interpretation, employed the principles of freedom, applied Arabic grammatical (<em>na</em><em>ḥ</em><em>wu</em>), provided <em>qirā’ah-qirā’ah</em>, and showed the beauty of literary and language styles of the Qur’an.</p>